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Spray pyrolysis is a processing technique that has been considered for the preparation of thin and thick films, ceramic coatings, and powders in research. Unlike many other thin film deposition techniques, ultrasonic spray pyrolysis represents a very simple and relatively cost-effective processing method (especially in terms of equipment costs).
These films are used in various devices such as solar cells, sensors, and solid oxide fuel cells. It is observed that the properties of the deposited films usually depend on the preparation conditions.
A wide review of the impact of spray parameters on film quality has been conducted to demonstrate the importance of optimizing the process. The substrate surface temperature is the most critical parameter as it affects film roughness, cracking, crystallinity, and so on.
It provides an extremely simple technique for preparing thin films of any composition. Spray pyrolysis does not require high-quality substrates or chemicals. This method has been used for the deposition of dense films, porous films, and powder production. Even multi-layered films can be easily prepared using this versatile method. For decades, ultrasonic sprayer pyrolysis has been used in the glass industry and in the production of solar cells.
Spray pyrolysis is a universal and effective technology for depositing metal oxide films. The quality and performance of the films depend largely on process parameters. The most important parameter is the substrate surface temperature. The higher the substrate temperature, the rougher and more porous the film. If the temperature is too low, the film will crack. Deposition temperature also affects the crystallinity, texture, and other physical properties of the deposited film.
The required drying time is short, so each multi-component micro-droplet does not have time to undergo segregation during the reaction, thereby obtaining uniformly composed nanoparticles;
Since the raw materials are uniformly mixed in a solution state, the composition of the compound synthesized can be precisely controlled;
Ultrafine particles of various shapes and properties can be obtained by different process conditions. The nanoparticles obtained by this method have a small apparent density, a large specific surface area, and good powder sintering performance;
The operation is simple, the reaction is completed at one time, and continuous production can be carried out. Coating and encapsulation treatment of ultrafine particles can significantly enhance their application effects.
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